MORADOL
Migraine management
Opioid agonist-antagonist
Relief of moderate to severe pain
Affects heart rate brady or tachy
Dysphoria prevents abuse of this medication
Often used to wean people off opioids
Labor pain management
Here are some key points about butorphanol that might be useful for your board review:
Classification: Butorphanol is a synthetic opioid partial agonist-antagonist analgesic.
Mechanism of Action: It primarily acts on the κ (kappa) opioid receptors and has partial agonist activity at the μ (mu) opioid receptors.
Uses: Used for the management of moderate to severe pain, as an adjunct to anesthesia, and for the relief of migraine headaches. (Also used as an analgesic and antitussive agent in Veterinary Medicine).
Administration: Available in various forms, including injectable, transnasal spray, and tablets.
Side Effects: Common side effects include sedation, dizziness, nausea, and sweating. It may also cause respiratory depression, especially at higher doses.
Abuse Potential: Butorphanol has a lower potential for abuse compared to other opioids, but it can still be habit-forming.
Special Considerations:
- Transnasal Administration: Effective for postoperative pain relief, especially in children undergoing procedures like myringotomy.
- Regulatory Actions: Some countries have taken regulatory actions to control butorphanol due to concerns about its abuse potential.
For more anesthesiology mnemonics check this mnemonic book.